Coping with varicose veins

Varicose veins are a common and often frustrating part of pregnancy. For some mums, they’re a mild cosmetic concern. For others, they come with discomfort, heaviness, and throbbing legs—especially later in the day.

The good news? They’re usually harmless and often improve after birth. But that doesn’t mean you have to suffer through them. With the right care, you can reduce symptoms, improve circulation, and feel more comfortable.

Here’s everything you need to know about why varicose veins happen during pregnancy—and what you can do to manage them.

What Are Varicose Veins?

Varicose veins are swollen, twisted, or bulging veins that are often blue or purple in appearance. They typically develop in the legs, but can also appear in the vulva, rectum (as haemorrhoids), or even the lower abdomen during pregnancy.

They’re caused by a combination of increased blood volume, hormonal changes, and pressure from your growing uterus. These factors make it harder for blood to flow upward from your legs, causing it to pool in the veins.

Why They’re Common in Pregnancy

During pregnancy, several changes make varicose veins more likely:

• Increased blood volume puts added pressure on your blood vessels
• Hormones like progesterone relax the walls of your veins, making them more prone to stretching
• The growing uterus puts pressure on the inferior vena cava (a large vein that carries blood from your lower body back to your heart), slowing circulation in the legs
• Family history or genetics may increase your likelihood of developing them

They’re more common in subsequent pregnancies, and if you’ve had them before, they may show up earlier.

Common Symptoms

• Swollen, raised, or twisted veins (often in the legs)
• Aching, heaviness, or throbbing in the legs
• Itching around the veins
• Leg cramps or restlessness
• Swelling in the ankles or lower legs, especially after standing for long periods

While they may not look pretty, they’re usually not dangerous—though they can cause discomfort and impact your quality of life.

Tips to Manage and Relieve Varicose Veins During Pregnancy

1. Keep Your Legs Elevated When Possible
Rest with your legs propped up on a pillow or footstool. This helps blood flow back to your heart and reduces pressure on your veins.

2. Wear Compression Stockings
Maternity compression stockings gently squeeze your legs to help blood move upward. They’re most effective when worn first thing in the morning before swelling begins.

3. Avoid Standing or Sitting for Long Periods
Change positions regularly. If you work at a desk, take breaks to walk around. If standing a lot, shift your weight from foot to foot and take sitting breaks.

4. Sleep on Your Left Side
This position takes pressure off the large vein on the right side of your body (vena cava), improving circulation and reducing swelling.

5. Get Gentle Exercise Daily
Walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga can improve circulation and reduce pressure on your veins.

6. Avoid Tight Clothing Around the Waist or Legs
Opt for loose, breathable clothing that doesn’t restrict blood flow.

7. Stay Hydrated and Eat a High-Fibre Diet
This helps prevent constipation, which can worsen varicose veins and increase your risk of haemorrhoids. Include fruits, vegetables, legumes, and whole grains.

8. Don’t Cross Your Legs When Sitting
It can restrict blood flow and worsen swelling.

9. Use Cold Compresses if Veins Feel Painful or Swollen
Applying a cool (not icy) compress can reduce discomfort and inflammation.

When to Call Your Doctor

Most varicose veins are harmless, but you should speak with your provider if you notice:

• Sudden or severe pain in your legs
• Redness, warmth, or tenderness over a vein
• Swelling in one leg only
• Skin changes or sores around the vein

These could be signs of a more serious issue like a blood clot (deep vein thrombosis), which needs urgent attention.

Will They Go Away After Pregnancy?

In many cases, varicose veins improve or disappear after birth, especially if this was your first pregnancy. However, some veins may remain visible or return more quickly in future pregnancies.

If they persist and cause discomfort postpartum, there are medical treatments available—such as laser therapy or injections—that can be discussed with your GP or a vascular specialist.