How to reduce the risk of preterm labor

Preterm labor—when the body starts preparing for birth before 37 weeks—can feel like one of pregnancy’s biggest “what ifs.” While it’s not always preventable, the good news is that most pregnancies reach full term, and there are several things you can do to reduce the risk of early labor.

If you’re in your third trimester or approaching it, this guide will walk you through evidence-based tips to protect your pregnancy while reminding you that you’re not alone—whatever your journey looks like.

What Is Preterm Labor?

Preterm labor happens when the body begins to contract and the cervix starts to dilate before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. If not stopped or slowed, it can lead to a preterm birth, which can increase health risks for your baby—especially before 34 weeks.

Preterm labor can occur suddenly or build over time, and sometimes it happens with no clear cause. That’s why awareness and proactive care are so important.

Common Signs of Preterm Labor

Understanding the signs is the first step in protecting yourself and your baby. Contact your doctor or midwife immediately if you experience:

• Regular contractions (even if they aren’t painful)
• Lower back pain that comes and goes
• Pelvic pressure or the feeling that the baby is pushing down
• Cramps or abdominal tightening
• Change in vaginal discharge (watery, mucus-like, or bloody)
• Fluid leaking from the vagina (which could indicate ruptured membranes)

Early action can make a huge difference—never hesitate to seek reassurance or medical attention.

Who Is at Higher Risk?

Some factors can increase the risk of preterm labor, such as:

• Previous preterm birth
• Short cervix or cervical insufficiency
• Multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets, etc.)
• Uterine or cervical abnormalities
• Certain infections (e.g., UTIs, bacterial vaginosis)
• Smoking, substance use, or chronic stress
• Being underweight or severely overweight
• Limited prenatal care

But many women with one or more of these risk factors still go on to have healthy full-term births. Risk isn’t destiny.

How to Reduce the Risk of Preterm Labor

1. Attend All Prenatal Appointments
Routine antenatal care helps monitor your baby’s growth, check your cervix and blood pressure, and catch early warning signs.
Don’t skip appointments—even if everything seems fine.

2. Know Your Body and Speak Up Early
If something feels different or “off,” trust your instincts. Early reporting can lead to timely intervention, like medications to strengthen the baby’s lungs or treatments to delay labor.

3. Take Cervical Length Screenings If Recommended
If you’ve had a prior preterm birth or other risk factors, your doctor might monitor cervical length via ultrasound.
In some cases, progesterone supplements or a cervical stitch (cerclage) may be offered to reduce the risk of early labor.

4. Avoid Overexertion and Heavy Lifting
While movement is healthy, intense physical strain may irritate the uterus in at-risk pregnancies.
Focus on gentle exercise, rest when your body asks for it, and modify work or home routines if needed.

5. Stay Hydrated and Nourished
Dehydration can cause uterine cramping and contractions.
Aim for plenty of water and a balanced diet rich in iron, protein, omega-3s, and folate.
Proper nutrition supports both your health and your baby’s growth.

6. Treat Infections Promptly
Urinary tract infections, bacterial vaginosis, and gum disease have been linked to preterm labor.
If you experience burning during urination, pelvic pain, or abnormal discharge, see your provider right away.

7. Manage Chronic Conditions
If you have diabetes, high blood pressure, thyroid issues, or autoimmune conditions, keep them well-managed with support from your care team.

8. Avoid Smoking, Alcohol, and Illicit Drugs
These substances significantly increase the risk of preterm labor and complications.
If you’re struggling to quit, your GP, midwife, or a support service can help you access non-judgmental care.

9. Reduce Stress Where Possible
Chronic stress and trauma can impact pregnancy.
Make time for rest, calming routines, talking to a friend or therapist, and asking for support.
Even small steps—like five minutes of quiet breathing—can help.

10. Ask About Preventive Treatments
If you’ve had a previous preterm birth or have a known risk factor, ask your care provider about:

• Progesterone therapy (vaginal or injectable)
• Cervical cerclage
• Lifestyle modifications tailored to your situation

Your care team is there to partner with you—not just react, but proactively support your wellbeing.

Final Thoughts

While not all cases of preterm labor can be prevented, being informed and proactive gives you and your baby the best possible start.
You don’t have to walk through this alone. Whether you’re simply curious or facing high risk, Bump2Baby is here to support you with trusted resources, compassionate guidance, and community.

You are strong. You are doing everything right by showing up and preparing.
Every day your baby stays inside is a gift—and you’re doing an incredible job nurturing that.